E-cigarette vapors, even without nicotine, may harm lungs
A recent study in mice may give some insight into why
electronic cigarettes (electronic cigarettes) are harmful, even when no
nicotine is present in the steam itself.
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A new study could provide valuable insights into the effects
of vapor.
A study TX, found that a chronic lung cigarette effect, even
without nicotine, could have a negative impact on normal lung function.
This exposure may have consequences for how the body
responds to infections, as it can make immune cells in the lungs less able to
respond to viruses.
The results are found in The Journal of Clinical
Investigation.
As the authors of the new paper explain, some studies have
indicated that the chemicals in e-cigarettes are harmful to the health of the
inhalers. Others noted, however, that these products are safer compared to
regular tobacco cigarettes.
“These resistant views on the safety of email cigarettes
encouraged one of my graduate students, Matthew Madison, to investigate the
effects of chronic exposure to e-cigarette vapors and to normal tobacco smoke
on murine lung function,” the author says corresponding pulmonologist and
professor of medicine at Medical College.
"We also looked at the impact of steam or smoke on the
function of immune cells called macrophages living within the lung. These cells
represent the first line of defense against viral infections such as those
caused by influenza viruses."
Dissolved solvents, nicotine and lung health
There were four mice groups in the study. The researchers
revealed one group to e-mail a cigarette-type steam containing nicotine and
other vapor solvents, such as propylene glycol and vegetable glycerin.
They showed another group for the same solvents but did not
have the nicotine. They notified a third group of tobacco smoke. The fourth
part group had access to clean air.
To replicate the time a person was inhaled, the researchers
exposed the mice to them for 4 months. This is a smoker from their teenage
years through the fifth decade of their lives.
There was no surprise when the researchers examined the mice
they exposed to cigarette smoke: They had severe damage and lung inflammation
comparable to the emfysema. This is similar to what happens in people when they
smoke for a long period of time.
Results surprising
However, the researchers were surprised to find that the
mice exposed to the vapor solvents with nicotine deficiency had damaged their
lungs.
Although it was not the same type of damage they saw in the
mice exposed to tobacco, it was still significant. Although there was no
illness like emphysema, the researchers found abnormal buildup of lipids in the
lungs.
This fatty mattress was not directly from the evaporative
solvents themselves or from any oils present in the fluids. Instead, what
happened was "an abnormal turnover of a protective fluid layer in the
lungs."
The researchers found excessive accumulation of lipids in
resident macrophages, which work to detect and destroy harmful organisms.
This accumulation prevented macrophages from responding as
they normally did to infections. The implication of people is that a person
would have an adverse effect on a person if a person had a healthy macrophages
population.
"In summary, our experimental results show that inhaled
e-cigarette galleries interfere with the normal function of murine lung and
reduce the ability of resident immune cells to respond to infection, increasing
the incidence of diseases such as influenza."
"Our experimental results have similar results with
previous multi-case reports that describe the presence of labeled lipid
macrophages in pulmonary fluid from people with pneumonia associated with
e-cigarettes."
The researchers consider that their findings should further
investigate how e-cigarette galleries affect health, even when people do not
use nicotine products.
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